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- Install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise or CentOS Linux
Install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise or CentOS Linux¶
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Overview¶
Use this tutorial to install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux versions 6 and 7 using .rpm packages. While Red Hat includes its own MongoDB packages, use the official MongoDB Community Edition packages to ensure that you have the latest release.
Platform Support
This installation guide only supports 64-bit systems. See Platform Support for details.
MongoDB 3.2 deprecates support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.
Packages¶
MongoDB provides officially supported packages in their own repository. This repository contains the following packages:
| mongodb-org | A metapackage that will automatically install the four component packages listed below. |
| mongodb-org-server | Contains the mongod daemon and associated configuration and init scripts. |
| mongodb-org-mongos | Contains the mongos daemon. |
| mongodb-org-shell | Contains the mongo shell. |
| mongodb-org-tools | Contains the following MongoDB tools: mongoimport bsondump, mongodump, mongoexport, mongofiles, mongooplog, mongoperf, mongorestore, mongostat, and mongotop. |
The mongodb-org-server package provides an initialization script that starts mongod with the /etc/mongod.conf configuration file.
See Run MongoDB Community Edition for details on using this initialization script.
The default /etc/mongod.conf configuration file supplied by the packages have bind_ip set to 127.0.0.1 by default. Modify this setting as needed for your environment before initializing a replica set.
Install MongoDB Community Edition¶
注解
To install a version of MongoDB prior to 3.2, please refer to that version’s documentation. For example, see version 3.0.
This installation guide only supports 64-bit systems. See Platform Support for details.
Configure the package management system (yum).¶
Create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-3.4.repo file so that you can install MongoDB directly, using yum.
在 3.0 版更改: MongoDB Linux packages are in a new repository beginning with 3.0.
For the latest stable release of MongoDB¶
Use the following repository file:
[mongodb-org-3.4]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.4/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.4.asc
For versions of MongoDB earlier than 3.0¶
To install the packages from an earlier release series, such as 2.4 or 2.6, you can specify the release series in the repository configuration. For example, to restrict your system to the 2.6 release series, create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-2.6.repo file to hold the following configuration information for the MongoDB 2.6 repository:
[mongodb-org-2.6]
name=MongoDB 2.6 Repository
baseurl=http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/redhat/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
You can find .repo files for each release in the repository itself. Remember that odd-numbered minor release versions (e.g. 2.5) are development versions and are unsuitable for production use.
Install the MongoDB packages and associated tools.¶
To install the latest stable version of MongoDB, issue the following command:
sudo yum install -y mongodb-org
Run MongoDB Community Edition¶
Configure SELinux¶
重要
If you are using SELinux, you must configure SELinux to allow MongoDB to start on Red Hat Linux-based systems (Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux).
To configure SELinux, administrators have three options:
If SELinux is in enforcing mode, enable access to the relevant ports that the MongoDB deployment will use (e.g. 27017). See MongoDB 默认端口 for more information on MongoDB’s default ports. For default settings, this can be accomplished by running
semanage port -a -t mongod_port_t -p tcp 27017
Disable SELinux by setting the SELINUX setting to disabled in /etc/selinux/config.
SELINUX=disabled
You must reboot the system for the changes to take effect.
Set SELinux to permissive mode in /etc/selinux/config by setting the SELINUX setting to permissive.
SELINUX=permissive
You must reboot the system for the changes to take effect.
You can instead use setenforce to change to permissive mode. setenforce does not require a reboot but is not persistent.
Alternatively, you can choose not to install the SELinux packages when you are installing your Linux operating system, or choose to remove the relevant packages. This option is the most invasive and is not recommended.
Data Directories and Permissions¶
警告
On RHEL 7.0, if you change the data path, the default SELinux policies will prevent mongod from having write access on the new data path if you do not change the security context.
The MongoDB instance stores its data files in /var/lib/mongo and its log files in /var/log/mongodb by default, and runs using the mongod user account. You can specify alternate log and data file directories in /etc/mongod.conf. See systemLog.path and storage.dbPath for additional information.
If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you must modify the access control rights to the /var/lib/mongo and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.
Procedure¶
Verify that MongoDB has started successfully¶
You can verify that the mongod process has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log for a line reading
[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port <port>
where <port> is the port configured in /etc/mongod.conf, 27017 by default.
You can optionally ensure that MongoDB will start following a system reboot by issuing the following command:
sudo chkconfig mongod on
Begin using MongoDB.¶
To help you start using MongoDB, MongoDB provides Getting Started Guides in various driver editions. See Getting Started for the available editions.
Before deploying MongoDB in a production environment, consider the 生产环境指南 document.
Later, to stop MongoDB, press Control+C in the terminal where the mongod instance is running.
Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition¶
To completely remove MongoDB from a system, you must remove the MongoDB applications themselves, the configuration files, and any directories containing data and logs. The following section guides you through the necessary steps.
警告
This process will completely remove MongoDB, its configuration, and all databases. This process is not reversible, so ensure that all of your configuration and data is backed up before proceeding.
Remove Packages.¶
Remove any MongoDB packages that you had previously installed.
sudo yum erase $(rpm -qa | grep mongodb-org)
Remove Data Directories.¶
Remove MongoDB databases and log files.
sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongo